Analisis Interaksi Populasi, Kasus Kebakaran, Ruang Terbuka Hijau, dan Kadar Karbonmonoksida Terhadap Polusi Udara PM2.5 di DKI Jakarta

Salman Alfarisi, Arif Zidan Prayogo, Wa Ode Dianita Putri Suaiba Dani

Abstract


ABSTRAK

 

Buruknya kualitas udara menjadi salah satu masalah yang serius untuk kota-kota besar, khususnya Jakarta. Salah satu indikator dalam polusi udara adalah Particulate Matter (PM). Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh populasi penduduk, kasus kebakaran, luas ruang terbuka hijau (RTH), dan kadar karbonmonoksida (CO) terhadap kadar PM 2.5 di Jakarta menggunakan metode linear mixed model (LMM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa luas RTH memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan kadar PM 2.5 dengan koefisien negatif, artinya semakin luas RTH, semakin rendah tingkat polusi udara. Kadar CO juga berpengaruh signifikan terhadap PM 2.5 secara mandiri. Populasi penduduk, meskipun tidak signifikan secara langsung, menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan ketika diinteraksikan dengan variabel lain terhadap PM 2.5. Di sisi lain, kasus kebakaran tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap polusi udara, bahkan interaksinya dengan variabel lain juga tidak menunjukkan pengaruh signifikan. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi acuan bagi pemerintah DKI Jakarta dalam menyusun regulasi dan kebijakan untuk mengendalikan polusi udara, terutama dengan memperhatikan pentingnya memperluas RTH dan mengendalikan kadar CO sebagai upaya mengurangi PM 2.5, serta mencegah dampak buruk kualitas udara terhadap kesehatan masyarakat seperti penyakit pernapasan.

 

Kata kunci: kebakaran, kualitas udara, LMM, pernapasan, polusi

 

ABSTRACT

 

Poor air quality is a serious problem for big cities, especially Jakarta. This study examines the effect of population, fire cases, green open space (GOS) area, and carbon monoxide (CO) levels on PM 2.5 levels in Jakarta using the linear mixed model (LMM) method. The results showed that the area of green space has a significant effect on reducing PM 2.5 levels with a negative coefficient, meaning that the wider the green space, the lower the level of air pollution. CO levels also have a significant effect on PM 2.5 independently. Population, although not significant directly, shows a significant effect when interacted with other variables on PM 2.5. On the other hand, fire cases do not have a significant effect on air pollution, and even their interaction with other variables also does not show a significant effect. This research can serve as a reference for the DKI Jakarta government in developing regulations and policies to control air pollution, especially by paying attention to the importance of expanding green spaces and controlling CO levels as an effort to reduce PM 2.5, as well as preventing adverse effects of air quality on public health such as respiratory diseases.

 

Keywords:  air quality, breathing, fire, LMM, pollution


Keywords


kebakaran; kualitas udara; LMM; pernapasan; polusi; air quality; breathing; fire; pollution

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References


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