Pendekatan Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICMP) Sebagai Strategi Pengendalian Erosi Pantai di Pesisir Payum Kabupaten Merauke

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Wilayah pesisir Payum secara ekologi berperan penting dalam mendukung kehidupan masyarakat yang menetap di wilayah tersebut. Namun dinamika yang terjadi di wilayah kepesisiran Buti dapat menjadi faktor pendorong timbulnya permasalahan salah satunya adalah erosi pantai. Penelitian ini bertujuan merumuskan strategi pengendalian erosi pantai di wilayah pesisir Payum Kabupaten Merauke. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dan didukung dengan data sekunder. Pengumpulan data secara sampling ditentukan berdasarkan tiga  zona yaitu zona Payum 1 (P1), Payum 2 (P2) dan Payum 3 (P3) dengan menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Parameter yang digunakan adalah kecepatan angin, pasang surut, jenis dan tinggi gelombang. Strategi pengendalian kerusakan lingkungan akibat erosi pantai dianalisis melalui pendekatan matrix dalam siklus ICMP (Integrated Coastal Management Plan) berdasarkan aspek permasalahan dari faktor-faktor penyebab erosi pantai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan wilayah pesisir Payum dengan tiga zona memiliki material penyusun berupa lumpur dan pasir dengan penggunaan lahan yaitu pemukiman, pariwisata, budidaya dan mata pencaharian masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tingkat erosi pantai pada zona P1, P2, dan P3 sama yaitu tergolong dalam kategori tingkat erosi sedang dengan masing-masing nilai total skor sebesar 13. Strategi pengendalian erosi pantai yang disusun berdasarkan isu prioritas aspek dari masing-masing zona yaitu peningkatan pengetahuan dan wawasan mengenai musim penanaman mangrove, pengembangan nilai tradisional masyarakat adat, pemberian alternatif lapangan kerja, sosialisasi dan konsultasi publik antara pemerintah daerah, instansi terkait dan masyarakat adat.

Kata kunci: erosi pantai, Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICMP), Payum, strategi pengendalian erosi, wilayah pesisir

ABSTRACT

The coastal area of Buti ecologically plays an important role in supporting the lives of the communities residing in the region. However, the dynamics occurring in the coastal area of Buti can be a driving factor for the emergence of problems, one of which is coastal erosion. This research aims to formulate a strategy for controlling coastal erosion in the Payum coastal area of Merauke Regency. This research uses primary data and is supported by secondary data. Data collection through sampling was determined based on three zones namely Payum 1 (P1), Payum 2 (P2) and Payum 3 (P3) using the purposive sampling method. The parameters used are wind speed, tide, wave type, and wave height. The strategy for controlling environmental damage due to coastal erosion is analyzed through a matrix approach in the ICMP (Integrated Coastal Management Plan) cycle based on the problem aspects of the factors causing coastal erosion. The research results show that the coastal area of Payum, divided into three zones, consists of materials such as mud and sand, with land use for settlement, tourism, cultivation, and the livelihoods of the community. Based on the analysis of the factors causing coastal erosion, it was found that the level of coastal erosion in zones P1, P2, and P3 is the same, categorized as moderate erosion with a total score of 13 each. The coastal erosion control strategy was formulated based on priority issues from each zone, namely the enhancement of knowledge and awareness regarding the mangrove planting season, the development of traditional values of indigenous communities, the provision of alternative job opportunities, and public outreach and consultation between local governments, relevant agencies, and indigenous communities.

Keywords:  coastal area, coastal erosion, erosion control strategy, Integrated Coastal Management Plan (ICMP), Payum