Analisis Perubahan Daya Dukung Sumberdaya Air Berdasarkan Ketersediaan dan Kebutuhan Air di DAS Gembong Tahun 2010-2020

Abstract

ABSTRAK

Perubahan penggunaan lahan terjadi di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Gembong Kabupaten Karanganyar khususnya di Kecamatan Tawangmangu yang terletak di bagian hulu DAS Gembong terjadi akibat meningkatnya pengembangan kawasan wisata. Sebagai pengatur tata air dan kawasan resapan, keberadaannya perlu dilestarikan fungsinya untuk menjaga keseimbangan ekosistem di DAS tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui daya dukung sumber daya air, dan perubahan daya dukung sumber daya air dari tahun 2010 hingga 2020. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode deskriptif kuantitatif dengan pendekatan keruangan. Perhitungan ketersediaan air disimulasikan berdasarkan data curah hujan dan iklim, sedangkan kebutuhan air dihitung berdasarkan berbagai macam peruntukan kebutuhan air. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa daya dukung sumber daya air di DAS Gembong pada tahun 2010 dan 2020 dalam keadaan surplus. Tahun 2010 terjadi surplus penggunaan air sebesar 24,163,553.54 m3 per tahun, sedangkan tahun 2020 juga terjadi surplus air sebesar 23,550,429.40 m3 per tahun. Berdasarkan nilai daya dukung sumber daya air antara tahun 2010 hingga 2020 telah mengalami perubahan yang cukup signifikan karena mengalami penurunan yang cukup tinggi sebesar 1,360,828.92 m3.

Kata kunci: daya dukung, kebutuhan air, persediaan air, sumber daya air

ABSTRACT

Changes in land use occur in the Gembong Watershed (DAS) Karanganyar Regency, especially in Tawangmangu District, which is located in the upstream part of the Gembong Watershed, due to the increasing development of tourist areas. As a regulator of water systems and catchment areas, its function needs to be preserved to maintain the balance of the ecosystem in the watershed. The research objective was to determine the carrying capacity of water resources and their changes from 2010 to 2020. The research method used was a quantitative descriptive method with a spatial approach. Calculation of water availability is simulated based on rainfall and climate data; while water demand is calculated based on various uses of water needs. The results showed that the carrying capacity of water resources in the Gembong watershed in 2010 and 2020 was in a state of surplus. In 2010 there was a water use surplus of 24,163,553.54 m3 per year, while in 2020 there was also a water surplus of 23,550,429.40 m3 per year. Based on the value of the carrying capacity of water resources between 2010 and 2020, there has been a significant change due to a fairly high decline of 1,360,828.92 m3.

Keywords: carrying capacity, water demand, water supply, water resources