Analisis Kelimpahan Mikroplastik Pada Air Permukaan di Sungai Metro, Malang

Alexander Tunggul Sutan Haji, Jhohanes Bambang Rahadi Widiatmono, Nazarina Tiftah Firdausi

Abstract


ABSTRAK

Mikroplastik merupakan plastik dengan ukuran kecil yaitu <5mm. Berdasarkan sumbernya, mikroplastik primer yaitu di produksi dalam ukuran yang kecil untuk kepentingan tertentu dan rnikroplastik sekunder berasal dari penguraian plastik yang lebih besar sebelumnya. Penelitian dilakukan di Sungai Metro Malang yang mengalir melalui Kota Malang dan berakhir di Kecamatan Kepanjen Kabupaten Malang. Tujuan dari penelitian ini yaitu mengetahui jenis, kelimpahan dan sumber mikroplastik di Sungai Metro Malang. Sampel air diambil pada tiga titik lokasi yaitu hulu, tengah dan hilir. Tahapan penelitian yaitu penyaringan sampel, pengeringan sampel, pemurnian dengan Wet Peroxide Oxidation (WPO) yaitu dengan 20 mL larutan Fe (II) 0.05 M, larutan H202 20 mL dan NaCl 6 gram per 20 mL sampel, pemisahan partikel dengan density separator dan pengamatan dengan mikroskop Olympus SZX 16. Jenis mikroplastik yang ditemukan yaitu fiber, film dan fragmen dengan jumlah yang paling banyak yaitu pada titik 3 (hilir). Warna mikroplastik yang didapatkan yaitu bening, biru, merah, dll. Ukuran mikroplastik paling banyak yaitu pada saringan 177 μm. Kelimpahan dan beban pencemar mikroplastik didapatkan paling tinggi yaitu jenis fiber pada titik 3 (hilir). Mikroplastik diketahui bersumber dari adanya penggunaan plastik pada lahan pertanian dan pemukiman yang menjadi tata guna lahan di Daerah Aliran Sungai (DAS) Metro Malang.

Kata Kunci: fiber, film, fragmen, mikroplastik, Sungai Metro

ABSTRACT

Microplastics are plastics with a small size that is <5mm. Based on the source, primary microplastics are produced in small sizes for specific purposes and secondary microplastics are derived from the decomposition of larger plastics before. The research was conducted on the Malang Metro River which flows through Malang City and ends in Kepanjen District, Malang Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the type, abundance, and source of microplastics in the Metro Malang river. Water samples were taken at three locations, namely upstream, middle and downstream. The research stages are sample filtering, sample drying, purification with Wet Peroxide Oxidation (WPO), namely with 20 mL of 0.05 M Fe (II) solution, 20 mL H202 solution and 6 grams of NaCl per 20 mL sample, particle separation with a density separator and observations with microscope Olympus SZX 16. The types of microplastics found were fiber, film, and fragments with the highest number at point 3 (downstream). The colors of the microplastics obtained are clear, blue, red, etc. The size of most microplastics is 177 m sieves. The highest abundance and load of microplastic pollutants were obtained, namely the type of fiber at point 3 (downstream). Microplastics are known to originate from the use of plastics on agricultural land and settlements which are land use in the Metro Malang Watershed.

Keywords: fiber, film, fragment, microplastics, Metro River


Keywords


fiber; film; fragmen; mikroplastik; Sungai Metro; fiber; film; fragment; microplastics; Metro River

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References


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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.jsal.2021.008.02.3

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